Parts of a Plant Science – Understanding Plant Structure

Parts of a Plant Science – Learning about the parts of a plant is an essential step in understanding how plants grow and survive. This lesson explains the main parts of a plant, their functions, and what plants need to grow. For more verified scientific details, you can refer to the Plant Structure article on Wikipedia.

Parts of a Plant Science

Objective

Pupils will learn the main parts of a plant, the role of each part, and what plants need to grow.
الهدف: سيتعلم التلاميذ أجزاء النبات الرئيسية ودور كل جزء وما تحتاجه النباتات للنمو

The Main Parts of a Plant

A typical plant has roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and sometimes fruits. Each part has a specific function that helps the plant survive and reproduce.
النبات النموذجي له جذور، ساق، أوراق، زهور، وأحيانًا ثمار. لكل جزء وظيفة تساعد النبات على البقاء والتكاثر

Roots – Anchor and Absorber

• Roots grow in the soil. They hold the plant in place and absorb water and minerals. Some roots also store food.
• Roots are usually hidden underground.
  الجذور تنمو في التربة. فهي تُثبّت النبات في الأرض وتمتص الماء والمعادن من التربة. بعض الجذور تخزن الطعام. الجذور عادة مخفية تحت الأرض

Stem – Support and Transport

• The stem keeps the plant upright and transports water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves and flowers.
• It also moves the food made in the leaves to other parts of the plant.
  تحمل الساق النبات وتبقيه منتصبًا كما تنقل الماء والمواد الغذائية من الجذور إلى الأوراق والزهور. تساعد الساق أيضًا في نقل الغذاء المصنوع في الأوراق إلى بقية أجزاء النبات

Leaves – Food Makers

• Leaves contain chlorophyll, which helps make food from sunlight through photosynthesis.
• They take in carbon dioxide from the air and use sunlight and water to produce sugar (food) for the plant.
  الأوراق عادة خضراء لأنها تحتوي على الكلوروفيل، وهو مادة تساعد على صنع الغذاء من ضوء الشمس عبر عملية تُسمّى التركيب الضوئي. تمتص الأوراق ثاني أكسيد الكربون من الهواء وتستخدم ضوء الشمس والماء لصنع سكر (غذاء) للنبات.

Flowers and Fruits – Reproduction and Seeds

• Flowers are bright and attract insects or birds. Seeds are made inside the flowers.
• Fruits grow from flowers and carry seeds inside. Fruits help spread seeds when animals eat them.
  الزهور غالبًا ما تكون زاهية وتُجذب الحشرات أو الطيور. داخل الزهرة تُنتج البذور. عندما تنمو البذور تصبح نباتات جديدة. الثمار تنمو من الزهور وتحمل البذور بداخلها. تساعد الثمار في نشر البذور عندما تأكلها الحيوانات.

What Plants Need to Grow

• Plants need light (sunlight), water, air, and soil.
• Without these, plants cannot make food or grow well. Different plants need different amounts of sunlight and water.
  تحتاج النباتات إلى الضوء (ضوء الشمس)، الماء، الهواء، والتربة. بدون هذه الأشياء لا يستطيع النبات صنع الغذاء أو النمو جيدًا. النباتات المختلفة تحتاج كميات مختلفة من الضوء والماء.

Exercises – Parts of a Plant

1. Match:

• Roots → ______ (choices: make food / take water)

2. Fill in:

• Leaves use ______ to make food. (sunlight)

3. Short Answer:

• Where are seeds made? (in the flower)

4. True or False:

• Fruit has seeds inside.

Answer Key:

1. take water
2. sunlight
3. in the flower
4. True

Multiple Choice:

1. The roots grow _____.
   a) In the air
   b) In the soil
   c) On the leaves
2. The stem helps the plant _____.
   a) Stand up
   b) Make noise
   c) Sleep
3. Leaves make food using _____.
   a) Moonlight
   b) Sunlight
   c) Soil only
4. The flower makes _____.
   a) Seeds
   b) Fruits
   c) Water
5. The fruit carries _____.
   a) Roots
   b) Seeds
   c) Flowers

Answers: 1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-a, 5-b

True or False:

1. Roots take water from the soil. (T)
2. The stem gives color to flowers. (F)
3. Leaves use sunlight to make food. (T)
4. The flower makes seeds. (T)
5. The fruit carries seeds inside. (T)

Fill in the blanks:

1. The __________ hold the plant in the ground.
2. The __________ carry water from roots to leaves.
3. The __________ are green and make food.
4. The __________ are colorful and make seeds.
5. The __________ grow from flowers and have seeds inside.

Answers: roots / stem / leaves / flowers / fruits

Short Answer:

1. What do plants need to grow? → Light, water, air, and soil.
2. What part of a plant makes food? → Leaves
3. What part holds the plant in the ground? → Roots
4. From which part do fruits grow? → From the flower
5. What is inside the fruit? → Seeds

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